Soc. 18, 789794 (2006) . To obtain Nat. Yao Yao is an academic researcher from University of New South Wales. 13068. Li, N. et al. Efficient tandem and triple-junction polymer solar cells. The authors declare no competing financial interests. B. et al. and C.J.B. The Shockley-Queisser limit can be exceeded by tandem solar cells, concentrating sunlight onto the cell, and other methods. This raises both v and m. Shockley and Queisser include a graph showing the overall efficiency as a function of band gap for various values of f. For a value of 1, the graph shows a maximum efficiency of just over 40%, getting close to the ultimate efficiency (by their calculation) of 44%. Photovoltaics Res. The outcome of the simulations is shown in Fig. We have, therefore, additionally introduced a thin N-PEDOT layer between the ZnO and AgNWs to realize the second intermediate layer consisting of ZnO/N-PEDOT/AgNWs (second intermediate layer). 5a, illustrating the interplay of the photocurrent generation in the three subcells. Towards 15% energy conversion efficiency: a systematic study of the solution-processed organic tandem solar cells based on commercially available materials. Afterwards, ZnO and N-PEDOT were again deposited onto the second DPP:PC60BM layer using the same coating parameters as for the first deposition. Adv. Prog. Mater. Green, M. A., Ho-Baillie, A. Currently, the efficiency of our SP triple-junction devices is mainly limited by the mismatch of the VOC of the top subcell with the VOC of the bottom series-connected tandem subcells. contributed to project planning and manuscript preparation. Detailed balance limit of the efficiency of tandem solar-cells. The product of the short-circuit current Ish and the open-circuit voltage Voc Shockley and Queisser call the "nominal power". Prog. Our recent work demonstrated that a thin layer of ZnO nanoparticles can effectively conduct electrons to the AgNW electrode and, more importantly, enable the deposition of the AgNW electrode by doctor blading from water-based solution.16,17 However, both ZnO and AgNW layers are obviously not compact enough to protect the underlying subcells from solvent infiltration during the top subcell deposition. 8, 689692 (2008) . PEDOT:PSS (Clevios, P VP AI 4083) and N-PEDOT (NT5-3417286/2) were obtained from Heraeus and Agfa, respectively. [24][25], Another, more straightforward way to utilise multiple exciton generation is a process called singlet fission (or singlet exciton fission) by which a singlet exciton is converted into two triplet excitons of lower energy. In silicon this reduces the theoretical performance under normal operating conditions by another 10% over and above the thermal losses noted above.
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