This activity is made possible by a generous grant from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) National Marine Sanctuary Program. More than 70% of the Earths surface is covered by ocean, and it is important to remember that more than 50% of the Earths surface is covered by ocean that is at least two miles (3.2 km) deep. Open Ocean - Oceana Generally speaking the deep end of the mesopelagic zone is approximately 1000 m (3300 feet) deep. Not including the hadal zone, which is the water in the oceans trenches, this is the lowest zone. How far does light travel in the ocean? : Ocean Exploration Facts: NOAA Most of them don't need to see to survive. Unique animals like the marine hatchet fish and giant squid live in this subzone, surviving mostly on the detritus that drifts down from the epipelagic zone. What type of creatures live in the abyss? In this lesson, we learned that the abyssal zone is the layer of the ocean from 13,000 feet to the seafloor at 20,000 feet. However, life has found ways to thrive here. As a member, you'll also get unlimited access to over 88,000 To unlock this lesson you must be a Study.com Member. Above it lies the mesopelagic zone, while below is the abyssal or abyssopelagic zone. The eyes on the fishes are also larger and generally upward directed, most likely to see silhouettes of other animals (for food) against the dim light. The name comes from a Greek word meaning "no bottom". They are: 1. It also has incredible pressure, up to 600 times that of the surface. Tube worms living in the deep sea vents are shown here: Fish also exist at these depths. The Abyssal Zone is the ocean's fourth deepest (and the darkest) ocean layer. Following the epipelagic zone is the mesopelagic zone, where sunlight is very faint and you begin to find creatures that have the ability to glow in the dark, or are bioluminescent. Despite the abundance of sea life, this water is completely dark and has extreme pressure. All rights reserved. No green plants can survive in this environment, since there is no sunlight with which to make energy. Below the epipelagic zone is the mesopelagic zone, extending from 200 meters (660 feet) to 1,000 meters (3,300 feet). The one exception to this is found around rifts where tectonic plates are spreading apart and new seafloor is being formed. How do organisms survive in the abyssal zone? One example is the deep sea anglerfish, which uses a light attached to the end of its head to attract prey, as shown here in this image: Many organisms use bioluminescence, lighting up to attract prey and navigate the darkness.
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